
The former housing minister, Carme Chacon, one of the rising stars of Spain's Socialist party, becomes its first ever female defence minister.
While there are five new faces overall, several key members of his last cabinet remain in place.
Nine of the ministers are women, and eight are men; when the prime minister is included, the cabinet is equally divided by gender.
At his inaugural news conference, Mr Zapatero said she was the youngest minister Spain had had.