In addition, the assumption that U.S. taxpayers would stand behind Fannie and Freddie's bonds allowed them to get by with far less capital than their private market competitors (less than 1% capital to assets versus the market standard of 6% to 8%).
Fannie and Freddie successfully fought back, arguing that they pass on to borrowers most of the savings from their below-market-rate prices for capital. But that is debatable. Most economists believe borrowers get at most 10 basis points of Fannie and Freddie's built-in market advantage of 25 to 40 basis points.